There are typically four kinds of photography lenses that every wedding photographer should have in his/her gig bag:
* Wide Angle Zoom
* Wide to Telephoto Zoom
* Image-Stabilized Telephoto Zoom
* Prime/Portrait Lenses
Wide Angle Zoom: Wide-Angle zoom lenses are among the most important photography lenses that every wedding photographer should have, usually 17mm to 35mm in length with a fixed aperture of f/2.8. They provide a huge depth of field, making it easy to have background and foreground in focus. They are an indispensable wedding photography equipment that allows versatility in confined areas such as a small banquet room or crowded dance floor. While shorter photography lenses enable you to catch more details, wide-angle zoom lenses enable you to capture more reactions and atmosphere to tell a richer story.
To explain further, wide-angle zoom photography lenses enable you to shoot a wider perspective of moments happening around the main subject, hence providing a bigger picture of the whole event. For example, wide-angle images have the ability to tell "stories inside a story", enabling you to uncover more of the story behind the shot. This is crucial for a good photojournalistic wedding photography. As events surrounding weddings are extremely time sensitive, excellent photography lenses will enable you to capture as many actions or emotions in the quickest time as possible.
When used in a venue such as the church or ballroom, wide-angle zoom photography lenses also magnify the grandeur and space of the area, which encapsulates the artistic feel for a photojournalistic wedding photography.
However, you need to be selective of the scenes or actions using wide angle photography lenses, as a caveat to shooting wide is that it creates some body distortion, particularly when a subject is photographed close-up. Normally, people tend to look heavier and shorter on the edges, while arms can look huge. The final thing you need is to have the bride cursing you for making her look like she has put on ten pounds! To go around this problem, you should as far as possible avoid putting the bride and groom at the edges of the wide-angle distortion. Also, wide-angle photography lenses might also introduce distracting or undesired elements into the frame, which would otherwise destroy a picture perfect moment.
Wide-to-Telephoto Zoom: Wide to Telephoto lenses are the single most important photography lenses that a wedding photographer cannot do without. They should ideally be lenses that cover somewhere around the 20-70 mm focal length range with an aperture of f/2.8. This ideal range allows you to get wide enough to take a group picture and close enough to capture facial emotions in your candid shots or a three quarter portrait of a couple without the unwanted effects of wide-angle perspective distortion. Additionally they double as good lenses for portraits. Given just this lens, you'd be able to capture most of the shots necessary for a wedding nicely.
Image Stabilized Telephoto Zoom: Image Stabilized telephoto zoom lenses are also essential components of your wedding photography equipment checklist. The 70-200mm focal length is a crucial range for wedding ceremony photographs. It enables you to give your subjects more room in situations where you don't wish to get in the way. Since you'll sometimes be photographing down the aisle from the back of the church, image-stabilized telephoto zoom lenses will come in very handy. 200 mm is good enough to be able to take 3/4 length pictures of the wedding couple exchanging their vows while staying at a fair distance away from the action and 70mm is wide enough to take in the groomsmen or bridesmaids as a group without switching photography lenses.
A good thing to note is that while using this sort of photography lenses, great blurred background could be attained with maximum wide apertures of f/2.8 and long focal lengths of 200mm or 300mm, whether you're using a full frame or a small sensor body. This enables you to separate the subject from its background, and to focus attention on the picture as the primary subject you desire to portray. Such photography lenses are particularly useful for shots where you're unable to get in close and for intimate and private moments, where you wish to be an unobserved stranger at a distance. A few examples include a mischievous grin, a kiss, a stolen glance - the details that are effectively conveyed by the emotions. Image-Stabilized telephoto zoom photography lenses hence play an important role in capturing this sort of moments.
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